Kandy

 Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, Kandy: A Comprehensive Guide  ❤👱

Introduction  

The **Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic**, locally known as **Sri Dalada Maligawa**, is one of the most revered Buddhist sites in the world. Situated in the heart of **Kandy**, Sri Lanka, this magnificent temple houses a relic believed to be the **tooth of Gautama Buddha**. Its significance extends beyond religious devotion, as the temple has played a pivotal role in Sri Lanka's political and cultural history. Listed as part of the **UNESCO World Heritage Site** of Kandy, the temple attracts millions of pilgrims and tourists annually.  

Historical Background  

Origin of the Tooth Relic  

According to Buddhist tradition, the tooth relic was retrieved from the ashes of the Buddha’s funeral pyre in 543 BCE. The relic was brought to Sri Lanka during the reign of King Kithsirimevan (303–331 CE) by **Princess Hemamali** and her husband, Prince Danta. Hidden in the princess’s hair, the relic reached Sri Lanka to ensure its safety from conflicts in India.  

Establishment in Kandy  

The relic was housed in various capitals of ancient Sri Lanka, including Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, and Dambadeniya, before being enshrined in Kandy in the late 16th century. King **Vimaladharmasuriya I** (1590–1604) constructed a two-storied temple to house the relic, laying the foundation for the current Sri Dalada Maligawa. Over the centuries, successive kings expanded and embellished the temple, ensuring its grandeur and prominence.  

 Architectural Marvel  

The Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic is an extraordinary example of traditional **Kandyan architecture**, blending simplicity with intricate designs.  

Key Features  

1. **Main Shrine (Dalada Madura)**: The inner sanctum houses the relic, enclosed within a series of seven golden caskets shaped like dagobas (stupas).  

2. Pattirippuwa (Octagonal Pavilion)**: Originally used by royalty for public addresses, this architectural masterpiece now serves as part of the museum.  

3. **Drummers’ Hall (Hevisi Mandapaya)**: This area hosts traditional drumming rituals, creating a vibrant atmosphere during ceremonies.  

4. **Moonstones and Carvings**: The temple is adorned with elaborately carved **moonstones**, timber doors, and ivory inlays, showcasing the artistic excellence of the Kandyan era.  

5. **Royal Palace Complex**: Adjacent to the temple, the royal palace offers insights into Sri Lanka's monarchical history.  

Religious Significance  

The Sacred Tooth Relic is more than a religious artifact; it is a symbol of **sovereignty**. Ancient Sri Lankan kings were considered custodians of the relic, intertwining religious authority with political power.  

Daily Rituals  

The temple conducts **three daily pujas** (offerings):  

- Morning (Dawn)  

- Midday  

- Evening  

During these ceremonies, the relic casket is venerated with flowers, incense, and traditional drumming. Pilgrims and devotees gather in large numbers to pay homage.  

Esala Perahera  

The **Esala Perahera**, held annually in July or August, is one of the grandest Buddhist festivals in the world. This 10-day procession honors the relic with traditional dances, caparisoned elephants, fire performances, and drumming. The highlight is the **Maligawa Tusker**, an elephant that carries a replica of the tooth relic casket through the streets of Kandy.  

 Cultural and Political Role  

Historically, the Sacred Tooth Relic symbolized the legitimacy of a king's rule. It was believed that whoever possessed the relic had the divine right to govern Sri Lanka. This belief reinforced the relic's significance, making the temple a focal point during times of war and peace.  

Preservation and Challenges  

 UNESCO World Heritage Site  

The Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic became part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1988, recognizing its cultural, architectural, and religious importance.  

Restoration Efforts  

Over the years, the temple has faced numerous challenges, including a bombing by the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) in 1998. The attack caused significant damage but did not harm the relic. Extensive restoration work has since restored the temple to its former glory.  

Visiting the Temple  

Location and Accessibility  

The temple is located in the city center of Kandy, approximately 115 km from Colombo. It is easily accessible by road, rail, and public transport.  

Visitor Guidelines  

- **Dress Code**: Modest attire is required; shoulders and knees must be covered.  

- **Entrance Fees**: While Sri Lankans can enter for free, foreign visitors are charged an entrance fee.  

- **Photography**: Photography is allowed in most areas, but it is prohibited inside the inner shrine.  

#### Best Time to Visit  

The temple is busiest during puja times and on Poya (full moon) days. For a quieter experience, visit early in the morning or late afternoon.  

Conclusion  

The Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic stands as a beacon of Sri Lanka’s rich cultural and religious heritage. Its serene atmosphere, exquisite architecture, and profound spiritual significance make it a must-visit destination for travelers and pilgrims alike. A visit to this iconic temple offers not just a glimpse into the island’s Buddhist traditions but also a journey into its glorious past.